Stems hirsute to hirsuto-villous. Leaves margins ciliate, faces hirsute to hirsuto-villous. Ray corollas blue to pinkish. Disc corollas 4.5-6 mm. Cypselae glabrous or glabrate. Flowering Mar-May(-Jul). Bottomland, creek bottoms, ravines, swamp edges, dry to moist woods of oak, oak-pine, or mixed deciduous, prairies, roadbanks; 50-900(-1200) m; Ont., Que.; Ala., Ark., Conn., Del., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.