Stems usually puberulent-strigose (hairs soft, upturned or appressed. Leaves sparsely pilose to glabrescent. Phyllaries usually ciliate, faces glabrous or pubescent. Flowering (May-)Jul-Aug(-Sep). Oak-pine, pine, scrub oak, roadsides, fencerows, limestone outcrops, sand, sandy loam, chalk, and clay soils; 20-300 m; Ala., Del., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Ky., La., Md., Mich., Mo., N.C., Ohio, S.C., Tenn., Va., W.Va.